Showing posts with label Finance. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Finance. Show all posts

Tuesday, 3 March 2015

A clash of ambitions

Today (Tuesday 3rd March) has been an interesting day for the contrast between my morning spent in London discussing the 2nd draft of the Laughing Boy Bill (LBBill), a movement to see enacted in law changes that will improve the lives of people with learning difficulties and/or autism, and this afternoon/evening spent following the debate to set the 2015-16 budget for Birmingham City Council (BCC) where the Labour administration is having to enact £85m of cuts for the next financial year alone.

Now I have considerable sympathy for the position that Sir Albert Bore et al find themselves in. This is unprecedented in terms of scale. Yet some of this has been self-inflicted by successive administrations to favour the city centre development over citywide responsibilities. So in my area of interest, adult social care, Birmingham City Council is underspending comparatively with other metropolitan areas by 2.5% of budget or £39million in cash terms. That is an outlier that is significant by any stretch of the imagination.

It cannot be said with confidence that the budget that will be set today will meet the statutory requirements on the city as the 2014 Care Act comes into effect from April. Its an difficult juxaposition where Whitehall expectations are increased while the grants for BCC are decreased. If the consultation, budget or any service provision were tested legally, BCC would probably have more difficulties than the contingency fund would allow.

Against this, the 2nd draft of the LBBill sits as a statement of intent. In particular, clause 4.4 of the 2nd draft which asserts duties above financial resources. As a principle, this is absolutely right. In practise, if this culture of austerity for local authorities continues, it will inflict more pain on the functioning of any authority. It makes me uncomfortable because I know that 2015-16 isn't the worst point for Birmingham City Council. 2016-17 and 2017-18 will be harder still as the cuts drive deeper. Its against this background that I and others hope that Sir Albert, John Cotton etc will start working with us and others interested parties from May 8th to help the city mitigate the worse aspects of 2016-17 onwards and close that gap with comparable cities. Its a hard road ahead.

Against that, the 2014 Care Act does reduce the ability of local authorities to use financial considerations as a basis for setting who qualifies as having statutory needs. The imposition of national standards does challenge the 1997 Gloucestershire Judgement that local authorities have used to tighten qualification of substantial or critical needs. So clause 4.4 can be said to work with the 2014 Care Act. This will be tested in court soon I suspect.

So the optimism I felt this morning at Monckton Chambers with the diverse and knowledgeable individuals and organisations around the table, both in person and the disembodied voices on speakerphone, has been tempered by the ugly reality that is occurring in Birmingham's Council House.

Yet the ambitions of LBBill has to happen. We cannot compromise on the principle that underpins LBBill that is everyone has the right to live their lives however messy that may be. That it may make local government's life more messy is something we'll have to live with.

Monday, 16 February 2015

Evaluating Simon Stevens Dowry

After over a year's wait for a blog, two come along inside a week...

After Tuesday's blog describing the discombobulation of NHS England's Simon Stevens when asked  to consider the concept of fairness, I have found myself continuing to think about the dowry proposal made prior to that moment. It needs to be unpacked as a concept because I think it tells us a lot about the thinking that is happening and thinking that is not happening currently.

If we look at the exchange as transcribed here:


Q63 Austin Mitchell: I just want to pursue the financial imperative. The targets were overambitious for financial reasons: the fact that the money did not follow the patient created local resistance to having the patients. Paragraph 2.24 says, “Meeting the needs of people in the community, who NHS England previously funded in hospital, is a material cost to local commissioners. This can affect their ability to provide appropriate and sustainable care packages. Hospitals subsequently experience significant delays in discharging patients while complex negotiations continue”. This must mean that you can speed up the process through a fairer, better financial arrangement with the CCGs and local providers.

Simon Stevens: What makes this complex is that you have two sets of things going on there. One is that there are a group of people who have been in institutional care for a very long time. When you talk about moving them, as we will be when we are closing some of these facilities, you need to take the old mental health model—we talk about dowries and funding endowments that move with people, and those might be partly with the local authority and partly with the local CCG. If you look at the fact that a fifth of people in in-patient settings have been there for more than five years, those are the sort of folks for whom you are talking about dowries. But for people who have been in an in-patient setting funded by specialist care for three or six months, that is not so much about their ongoing support for ever; that is a moment in time when they are getting something. Distinguishing between those two categories is what we have to do. Some of this will have to be dowry-type arrangements; some will just have to be about a recognition that, actually, this is the CCG’s or the local authority’s funding responsibility, and they will have to step up to the plate.


On a superficial reading, the response made by Simon Stevens could be read as though some thought had occurred before sitting in front of the Select Committee. However there are some jarring inconsistencies of thought occurring that are troubling if we are to take the rhetoric seriously.


The first point of contention comes with the notion of the dowry itself. What exactly will NHS England be funding with this dowry? If the care plans are accurately assessed then the needs of the individual receiving the care package have to be statutorily met. So will any such dowries be providing additional non-statutory needs or is this an implicit admission that the funding streams of CCGs/LAs are not sufficient to provide statutory needs? Is this about the needs of the service user or the needs of service funders?

Then there is the usage of years institutionalised to determine whether the individual requires a dowry as oppose to those expected to be pick-up by CCG/LA spending. How exactly will NHS England determine the qualification for this dowry? Will it focus on enablement? A problem with this is that there doesn't appear to be any evidence for that particular cohort being any more requiring of deinstitutionalisation than those who are there for six months or three years. This isn't person-centred policy based on needs but rather an arbitrary qualification of time that seems to have been plucked out of the air. I can't help but think of Mark Neary's excellent blog and that one of the consequences of his son Steven having spent a year in an ATU has been the need to permission-seek for actions such as going to the toilet as a result of his previous institutionisation.

These questions are particularly important in terms of the concept pursued by the members of the Select Committee of "the money following the patient" (NB for the Select Committee - they are people who aren't ill just because they have LD/ASD). In this context, the dowry concept seems less about facilitating this concept as blocking it. My cynicism would suggest that Simon and his colleagues should be viewing this issue as an efficiency opportunity for NHS England. That isn't a bad motivator in itself as it is more likely to see some change forced through. But for that motivator to work, the incentive needs to be that NHS England retains a sizeable proportion of the spending or in other words ensuring the money doesn't follow the individual. The dowry concept with its years incarcerated qualifier would allow NHS England to retain 80% of its spending. But as I said, I'm cynical.

Indeed with the challenge that Simon Stevens has set NHS England of finding £20bn of efficiency savings and our current cohort of politicians indulging in magical thinking as to bringing together two underfunded services (Health and Social Care) and expecting them to find that their deficit funding disappears, its no wonder that throwing a bone such as dowries occurs.

So I have questions for the Select Committee - what exactly are you attempting to achieve by this notion of "the money following the patient"? What exactly are you funding with it and for what purpose? What does fairness look like to you in this context?

Perhaps I'm being unreasonable to the Public Accounts Committee here but there doesn't appear to be much awareness of how the funding creates action or resistence. Simon Stevens is clearly telling the Select Committee in the answer quoted above that he needs to retain a significant proportion or there isn't the incentive to create change. Hence the discombobulation when Austin Mitchell followed up with the "so you think the funding is fair?" question. Fairness to the individual was the last thing on Simon's mind.

Yet I think Simon has a reasonable argument here given the financial pressures NHS England are under and that if keeping a significant proportion of the spend to allocate elsewhere sees the majority of ATUs shut down then that is a compromise worth making.

What I would advise Margaret Hodge and her colleagues on the PAC is to focus on a more holistic approach to achieving the goals of reducing institutionalisation. Abandon the money following the individual approach and instead split the money being spent on this cohort in three ways: a transitional fund to help CCGs/LAs budgets when any individual moves into the community (this can be graduated for need); developing more community-based specialist mental health services; allowing NHS England to redistribute the remaining savings. The precise proportionality can be debated but lets create incentives to move people into the community and support them when they are there.

The statutory responsibilities on CCGs and LAs to provide care and support  need to be funded properly in themselves. This is where the direction of travel re merging health and social care provision needs to be discussed with honesty rather than magical thinking. Just grabbing part of NHS England's budget as Margaret Hodge suggested to Simon Stevens is also counter-productive as it creates resistence and most likely perverse outcomes. The environment of health and social care post May 7th will be a very contested space regardless of what sort of government emerges.

The need for more thinking about what outcomes you want to achieve and less glib statements that sound good is necessary more than ever. Trouble is I think it will be a long long time before it happens. Perhaps that why this song is in my head this morning.


Monday, 13 May 2013

The tactical errors that cost Portpin control of Portsmouth Football Club

There's been a lot to take in over the last month from when Portpin asking for peace terms the night before the court hearing and the agonising wait for terms to be agreed and accepted by Mr Justice Peter Smith in courtroom 30 of the Rolls Building. The scramble to get the paperwork completed in order was achieved ahead of a celebratory and exuberant Fratton Park crowd with Sheffield Utd playing the perfect party guests. Since then, Guy Whittingham has been appointed permanent manager, players have started to sign on for the League Two adventure, and new senior off-field staff have arrived in the form of CEO Mark Catlin and Engagement Manager Micah Hall. After five years of a spiralling drift downwards, the club is taking the steps to rebuild its foundations for a better future.

And yet this feel-good moment might not have occurred had Portpin restructured a couple of financial arrangements more carefully to legitimise their usage and therefore secured a third period of ownership. Thankfully despite the restrictions placed on Portsmouth Football Club 2010 Ltd by the Football League, old habits were difficult to contain during their tenure between October 2010 and June 2011. That period left a number of questions that Portpin were unwilling to answer in order to satisfy that they were "fit and proper" enough to pass the Owners & Directors Test of the Football League.

You might think that the behaviour that saw Pompey become the only Premier League side to enter administration would have been enough to disqualify the members of Portpin from taking ownership of a football club previously. Yet it didn't and Portpin took control in October 2010 setting an important precedent.

The rules of the Football League regarding ownership allows for a second chance for owners even if you had put a club in administration before. Whatever their misgivings, the Football League were rule-bound to give the members of Portpin a second opportunity of ownership of Portsmouth Football Club in 2010. The consequence of this was that had that period between October 2010 and June 2011 been unremarkable in terms of its governance then an application for a third period of ownership would have likely been approved.

As leopards cannot change their spots so Portpin couldn't change their behaviour from their first to their second period of ownership. Not only did they leave behind the equivalent of a burglar’s calling card for CSI to clean up in terms of unpaid debts owed but they enacted two specific financial manoeuvres which questioned their consideration as being "fit and proper". These were the transfer of the debentures on Portsmouth City Football Club Ltd to the newco Portsmouth Football Club 2010 Ltd and the Hiroshima Ltd season ticket arrangement which saw £800,000 of PFC income diverted to a Hong Kong black box.

The illegitimacies of the debentures transfer and the season ticket monies have been discussed here and here. These actions were fundamental to demonstrating Portpin's inability to pass the Owners and Directors Test. Yet had Portpin been a little bit cleverer and less short-term in their thinking then they could still be in control of Portsmouth Football Club today.

The first area where they could have been cleverer was with the debentures. No doubt there was strategic reasoning for them to accept the transferring of them by Andrew Andronikou to their newco company in January 2011. Yet with their negotiations with CSI, they could have quietly retired the transferred debentures and created a new and legitimate debenture for £17m over PFC and its assets as part of the sale agreement. Such an arrangement would have given Portpin a stronger negotiating position in dealing with the Football League and the administrators BDO as it would have allow them to show clean hands.

The second area is to do with the Hiroshima season ticket deal. Essentially the reason why the Hiroshima deal was shown to be problematic was that there weren't any goods or services that Hiroshima Ltd had provided Portsmouth Football Club 2010 Ltd. In their haste to put one over on CSI, Portpin had failed to provide a reasonable-looking debt to cross-knit with the financial arrangement agreed between themselves, Hiroshima Ltd (owned by Balram Chainrai) and Zebra Finance. This I suggest illustrates that Portpin were not thinking of a third ownership when they sold to CSI. Had they thought about covering their actions with a cloak of legitimacy then it would have been possible to muddy the waters sufficiently to justify the transaction though a paper exercise.

In both case with the debentures and the Hiroshima deal, Portpin had the opportunity to restructure these financial arrangements to 'legitimise' their existence. By not sufficiently covering their tracks gave the opportunity for the Pompey Bloggers Collective to identify the illegitimate practises which resulted in the articles written by Micah Hall and Dodgy Curry linked above. Those articles, amongst other submissions, formed the basis for some of the unanswered questions that the Football League put to Portpin surrounding their ownership of Portsmouth Football Club 2010 Ltd.

In the cold light of day, short-term and insufficient thinking during their period of ownership between October 2010 and June 2011 undermined Portpin's position in their attempt to regain control of Portsmouth Football Club for a third time. In their quieter reflective moments, I hope they understand that was their actions and inactions that cost them control. Not the administrators BDO or the PST or the bloggers or that Keith Harris couldn't substantiate a meaningful bid. They brought it upon themselves. Both the debentures and the Hiroshima issues could have been nullified making it exceedingly difficult for the Football League to refuse their application on the Owners and Directors Test.

I suspect it grates considerably.